Uterine myoma as a cause of iliac vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: common disease, rare complication

Uterine myoma is a common condition among women, which may very rarely be associated with deep venous thrombosis (VT). Few reports of myoma with associated VT have been reported in the English language and, of those, only three were associated with embolic events. This manuscript reports the case of a 29-year-old patient who presented with pulmonary embolism due to iliac VT secondary to extrinsic compression by a uterine myoma. Considering the high prevalence of myoma in the population, it is advisable to specifically consider this hypothesis in the case of female patients with pulmonary embolism or limb VT and menstrual abnormalities. This will help to avoid extensive thrombophilia investigation and to accurately determine the correct cause of VT.